macroscopic and microscopic studies of the testis and epididymis in caspian miniature horse

in order to study the anatomy and histology of the testis and epididymis of caspian miniature horse, five adult stallions were used. routine anatomical and histological methods were used. anatomical study indicated that there were no differences between the testis and epididymis of the caspian miniature horse with the ordinary horse, except with the smaller sizes. the epididymis is attached to the dorsal border of the testis. the tail of epididymis is attached to testis by a proper ligament of the testis and is also attached to parietal layer of tunica albuginae by the tail ligament of the epididymis. histological study indicated that testis covered with tunica albuginae, its parenchyma contains seminiferrous tubules, and its inter tubular spaces contain laydig cells. the testis mediastinum is restricted to head extremity of testis. the duct of epididymis is lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with the role of absorption and secretion. the duct covers with a muscular coat, containing longitudinal and circular muscle fibers.